Turkey launches attack on Kurdish-held region of Syria

Turkish artillery fired into Syria's Afrin region on Friday in what Ankara said was the start of a military campaign against the Kurdish-controlled area.

The cross-border bombardment took place after days of threats from Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan to crush the Syrian Kurdish YPG, or People's Protection Unit, militia in Afrin in response to what Turkey sees as growing Kurdish strength across a wide stretch of north Syria.

"The operation has actually de facto started with cross-border shelling," Turkish Defence Minister Nurettin Canikli said.

Canikli said no troops had crossed into Afrin.

Direct military action against territory held by Kurdish militia would open a new front in Syria's civil war and would see Ankara confronting Kurds allied to the United States at a time when Turkey's relations with Washington are reaching the breaking point.

The U.S. State Department has called on Turkey to focus on the fight against ISIS militants and not take military action in Afrin. An official from the department said such moves would undermine regional stability and would not help protect Turkey's border security.

"We do not believe that a military operation serves the cause of regional stability, Syrian stability or indeed Turkish concerns about the security of their border," the official told reporters, stressing he had limited information about Turkey's reported military moves. "The kind of threats or activities which these initial reports may be referring to, we don't think advance any of these issues. They are destabilizing."

Reuters TV filmed Turkish artillery at the border village of Sugedigi firing on Friday morning into Afrin region, and the YPG militia said Turkish forces had fired 70 shells at Kurdish villages in Afrin starting at midnight.

Rojhat Roj, a YPG spokesperson in Afrin, said it was the heaviest Turkish bombardment since Ankara stepped up threats to take military action against the Kurdish region.

"YPG is ready to confront Turkish troops and FSA [Free Syrian Army] terrorists. If they dare to attack, we are ready to bury them one by one in Afrin," a YPG statement said.

Separately, Russia's RIA news agency quoted Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov as saying that media reports on Russian military units withdrawing from the Afrin region had been denied, though he did specify who had denied them.

Turkey had sent its military chief to Moscow on Thursday to seek approval for an air campaign in Afrin, although Damascus warned it could shoot down any Turkish planes in its skies.

Canikli said Ankara was determined to destroy the Kurdish group.

"All terror networks and elements in northern Syria will be eliminated. There is no other way," he said.

"The operation in central Afrin may last a long time, but the terrorist organization will swiftly come undone there."

Although Canikli said no Turkish troops have entered Afrin, Turkish newspapers said 20 buses carrying Free Syrian Army rebels crossed on Friday from Turkey into a Turkish-controlled part of northern Syria, on Afrin's eastern flank.

They said the FSA rebels would deploy near the town of Azaz, where Kurdish shelling overnight struck a psychiatric hospital. The Turkish armed forces said several civilians wounded in the attack were taken to Turkey for treatment, and Turkish television footage showed rubble and damaged walls.

Turkey has been angered by U.S. military support for the Kurdish YPG-dominated Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) that spearheaded the fight against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria in Syria, and by an announcement that the United States would stay in Syria to train about 30,000 personnel in the swath of eastern Syria under SDF control.

Turkey says the YPG is a terrorist group and a branch of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers Party that has waged an insurgency in southeast Turkey for decades, and Canikli criticized Washington for its continued emphasis on countering ISIS.

"The threat of Daesh [ISIS] has been removed in both Syria and Iraq. With this reality out in the open, a 'focus on Daesh' statement is truly a meaningless remark," he said.