Boris Nemtsov funeral: Russians pay respects to Kremlin critic

Thousands of Russians, many carrying red carnations, on Tuesday filed past the coffin of Boris Nemtsov, the Kremlin critic whose killing last week, friends say, showed the hazards of speaking out against Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Aides to Putin deny any involvement in killing Nemtsov, who was shot in the back four times on Friday within sight of the Kremlin walls. Nemtsov's friends say he was the victim of an atmosphere of hatred whipped up against anyone who opposes the president.

"The shots were fired not only at Nemtsov but at all of us, at democracy in Russia," Gennady Gudkov, a prominent Kremlin opponent, said in a speech delivered next to the coffin.

• Conflicting reports of CCTV footage in Nemtsov investigation
• ANALYSIS l It's not who killed Nemtsov, it's why

"We never thought this could happen, but it did. Rest in peace my friend, your work will be continued."

Nemtsov, a former deputy prime minister, was the most prominent opposition figure to be murdered in Russia during Putin's 15-year rule.

Most of those paying their respects were members or sympathizers of Russia's liberal opposition, who feel deep alarm at Nemtsov's killing but represent only a minority of the Russian population.

Polls show most Russians support Putin, despite a sharp slide in the ruble and international sanctions over the Ukraine crisis.

But at the ceremony there was a show of solidarity for Nemtsov from several prominent figures who served with him under former President Boris Yeltsin and who still have influence within the business and political elite.

None of them criticized the Kremlin but their presence — led by Yeltsin's widow Naina — showed that there are faultlines within the system of power built by Putin which could pull apart if that system comes under more stress.

Several European dignitaries said they were unable to attend the ceremony because Russian officials would not let them into the country.

Nemtsov's coffin stood in the centre of a hall at a human rights centre named after Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov. The casket lid was open, revealing Nemtsov's head and upper body. Photographs of the 55-year-old hung on the walls, and sombre music played.

Nemtsov's mother, dressed in black, stood stooped over the coffin. His former partner Yekaterina Odintsova, with a black headscarf pulled over her blonde hair, stood nearby. The Russian government sent two deputy prime ministers.

Powerful friends

The queue of people waiting to go in stretched about a kilometre in the streets outside the hall.

"He was our hope," said Tatyana, a pensioner queuing to pay her respects. "I feel like Putin killed me on the day he died. This last year has been full of suffering."

After four hours, Nemtsov's coffin was carried to a hearse for the journey to the Troyekurovskoye cemetery, on the outskirts of Moscow, where he will be buried later on Tuesday. Police moved in to cut off the crowd of people who had not managed to get in to view the coffin.

Though he became an ardent Putin critic, Nemtsov also maintained friendships with people from the Yeltsin era who remained loyal to the Kremlin under Putin.

Among those Yelstin-era allies paying their respects were German Gref, head of Sberbank, Russia's biggest bank by assets, Alexei Kudrin, a former finance minister still close to the Kremlin, Anatoly Chubais, head of a state-controlled technology firm, and Sergei Kiriyenko, a former prime minister who runs the state atomic power firm.

It has long been rumoured in Moscow that when Yeltsin stepped down in 1999 he extracted a promise from Putin that his circle would be protected. The killing of Nemtsov, whom Yeltsin at one point groomed as a successor, may be seen by some in the old Yeltsin milieu as a betrayal of a deal.

Kremlin backdrop

The killing of such a prominent former official, against the backdrop of the Kremlin towers themselves in an area closely watched by the security services, sent a chilling message that no status confers immunity and no place in Russia is safe.

In an interview with Reuters in Washington, U.S. President Barack Obama said it was a sign of a worsening climate in Russia, where civil rights and media freedoms have been rolled back.

Among numerous official theories, some Russian government officials have said they suspect the murder was a "provocation" carried out by Putin's opponents to discredit him.

Russian investigators say they are actively working to track down Nemtsov's killers. The Investigative Committee handling the case said it had obtained closed-circuit television footage from the scene and had scheduled ballistic and medical tests.

Nemtsov's girlfriend, Anna Duritskaya, who was with him at the moment he was shot on a bridge near the Red Square, has returned to her native Ukraine, the committee said in a statement. It said she had already given evidence and promised to continue to co-operate with investigators.