Ontario's LTC inspection system fell apart during 1st COVID-19 wave: report
Province conducted no long-term care home inspections in spring of 2020
Ontario's long-term care inspection system was totally overwhelmed during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the ministry overseeing care homes was caught unprepared and unable to ensure the safety of residents and staff, the province's ombudsman says.
In a new report issued Thursday, Ombudsman Paul Dubé revealed there were no inspections in the province's long-term care homes for seven weeks in the spring of 2020, and no inspection reports issued for two months. That left facilities without proper oversight in a time where hundreds died in a matter of weeks.
"To effectively oversee a system, you have to have inspections," Dubé said at a Thursday morning news conference. "It was already strained before the pandemic, and it was not ready.
"The system wasn't there to enable inspections to happen in a safe and effective manner."
The ministry's lack of planning and preparedness was "unreasonable, unjust and wrong," the ombudsman found. His office has made 76 recommendations to the government. You can read the full report at the bottom of this story.
"The people of Ontario should be able to count on their public services to learn lessons from our experience with COVID-19 and be adequately prepared for the next threat to our collective health," Dubé wrote.
WATCH | Ombudsman outlines inspection failures during pandemic:
In a statement sent to CBC News, Stan Cho — the province's newly appointed minister of long-term care — said the province has accepted all of the ombudsman's recommendations, and "made progress on over half.
"COVID-19 was an unprecedented global event with devastating impacts on long-term care homes around the world," Cho said. "The lessons learned from this have ensured we take action by creating a new investigations unit that can refer charges when necessary, and introducing new monetary penalties for bad actors."
Deaths mounted
From March 2020 to April 2022, 4,335 residents died in Ontario's long-term care homes, as well as 13 staff members.
For a seven-week period from mid-March into May, inspections stopped in the province, the report states — with many senior government officials totally unaware that on-site investigations were not happening. There were 720 COVID-related deaths in long-term care during this period alone.
NDP MPP Wayne Gates, the Opposition's critic for long-term care, called the report "very disturbing" during a call with reporters Thursday, as well as an "absolute failure" by Premier Doug Ford's government.
"It was unreasonable, unjust and wrong," Gates said. "There needs to be immediate consequences because our loved ones deserve so much more than this."
Cho said the province plans to use the report to "ensure safe, high-quality care is delivered to seniors in long-term care homes across the province."
The ombudsman's new report is not the first to denounce the province's handling of COVID-19 in long-term care, following damning reports from the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) in 2020, and Ontario's auditor general in 2021.
Given those other investigations were also underway, Dubé says he focused specifically on inspection and enforcement activities for his report. Though he launched the investigation of his own accord after the CAF report landed, his office also received 269 complaints and inquiries from families of long-term care residents, as well as from employees and other stakeholders in the sector.
According to the report, one ministry employee reported a "complete system breakdown" in the early weeks of the pandemic, with inspections stopping because the province had no plan to ensure the safety of inspectors. At the time, inspectors had no personal protective equipment or training on infection control.
Leniency for critical issues
Instead, inspectors were deployed to call and "support" homes, Dubé wrote. When inspections began again, only workers who volunteered were sent into facilities experiencing outbreaks, and inspectors often gave homes reduced penalties for non-compliance, or let them have months to remedy issues that were causing residents' serious harm.
"We saw many examples where inspectors used their considerable discretion to lower the default enforcement action that would otherwise apply, even in very serious situations and with little to no explanation," Dubé said in the report — effectively making sure homes were "let off quite easily" and given time to fix things instead of facing tough sanctions for serious issues, he later told reporters.
One such example laid out in the report was at Pinecrest Nursing Home in Bobcaygeon, which was the first facility in the province to experience a large outbreak of the virus. By the time it was declared over, 28 of the home's 65 residents had died.
An inspection found a litany of problems, like staff and residents sitting together and not wearing masks, staff not changing their gloves while moving throughout the home, not putting on or removing protective equipment properly, and a recently hospitalized resident returning to the home and being put in a room with another resident, even though there were other rooms available.
In this situation, policy recommended the ministry revoke the home's licence and consider installing an interim manager while it shut down, the report says.
Instead, inspectors gave the home three months to train staff and make sure issues were fixed.
Recommendations made
The ombudsman has made a host of recommendations to the province, including:
- Regular training for inspectors.
- Providing enough personal protective equipment.
- Establishing clear rules for when on-site inspections are needed.
- Ensuring the ministry always has staff with expertise in infection control measures available for in-person inspections.
- Issuing immediate compliance orders in situations where residents are at an ongoing risk of serious harm.
- Making sure the inspections branch has enough staff.
Dubé says he is pleased with the ministry's response to his recommendations, with over half of them being fully or partially implemented already.
Read the ombudsman's full report:
(PDF KB)
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