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In wake of deadly crash, TSB wants mandatory plane warning systems

The Transportation Safety Board of Canada is asking Ottawa to make a warning system mandatory for sightseeing planes like the one that crashed near Tadoussac, Que., almost exactly two years ago, killing all six on board.

System would be 'last defence' for pilot and passengers before a crash, it says

Air branch investigator Pierre Gavillet illustrates how the de Havilland Beaver plane crashed near Tadoussac in 2015 at a news conference, seated next to Transportation Safety Board Chair Kathy Fox. (Radio-Canada)

The Transportation Safety Board of Canada is asking Ottawa to make a warning system mandatory for sightseeing planes like the one that crashed near Tadoussac, Que., almost exactly two years ago, killing all six people on board.

The TSB released its investigation report into the 2015 crash at a news conference Thursday, revealing the plane took a dive as the pilot performed a low-altitude manoeuvre to give his passengers a better view of the wildlife below. 

A stall warning system alerts pilots when a plane is at a dangerous angle, and would "give pilots and passengers a last [defence] against this type of loss of control," said TSB Chair Kathy Fox at the conference.

There were six people on board the single-engine plane that crashed, pilot Romain Desrosiers, French tourist Emilie Delaitre, 28, and a British family of four. 

Fox said Transport Canada had recommended the installation of a stall warning system in similar planes in 2013, but few companies heeded that advice.

The de Havilland Beaver float plane crashed Aug. 23, 2015 in a remote wooded area near Les Bergeronnes after taking off from Long Lake near Tadoussac, Que. (TSB)

"They are not mandatory and few companies have installed them voluntarily," Fox said.

"It's time for this to change."

The board is also recommending that sightseeing planes be equipped with flight recorders so companies can monitor flying practices.

Manoeuvre caused plane to spin

Pierre Gavillet, an air branch investigator who was at the news conference with Fox, said there were "no particular limits on tourist flights."

He added that the kind of low-altitude manoeuvre Desrosiers had performed was not necessary during sightseeing flights, though they might be for other bush-flying purposes the plane was designed for. 

Desrosiers took a sharp turn 15 minutes into the short trip — his third flight of the day — as he was approaching a landing. That caused the lower wing to be almost vertical, sending the pontoon plane into a spin.

By the time Desrosiers stopped the aircraft from spinning, it was too late. The plane was too close to a hill and it crashed nose down, in such a vertical position that it left the trees around the plane's cartilage intact. 

"There was a post-impact fire ... in the cabin area," Gavillet said.

The De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver seaplane, as seen on the Air Saguenay website. The plane that crashed was 59 years old, but had a new engine, the company said. (Air Saguenay)

The de Havilland DHC-2 Beaver plane belonged to Air Saguenay, which routinely flies tourists as well as people heading to fishing and mining camps. 

After the crash, the company had said the weather conditions for flying were optimal and that the plane, built in 1956, was equipped with a brand new engine.

Desrosiers was an experienced pilot with 6,000 hours of flying under his belt, according to the company.

13 similar crashes in last 2 decades

"The sun was shining, the skies were clear and the winds were light," Fox said. "In short, it was a perfect day for a 20-minute sightseeing flight."

But Fox and Gavillet said there have been 13 similar crashes since 1998, causing a total of 37 deaths, and that the investigation found the pilot had been performing similar flight moves often.

"We found that this is a recurring theme in sightseeing flights that have occurred in the past, and that this is why we're highlighting it today, is that there is a need to put some limits on the operation of sightseeing flights," Gavillet said. 

Stall warning systems can cost about $12,000 for the small Beaver planes, said Fox, which "is not a lot when we think about the fact it can save a life," she added.